The Case of Zinchenko in Sevastopol

Case History

In May 2023, in Feodosia, officers of the Investigative Committee and the FSB searched the apartment of the Zinchenko couple, who had been under surveillance since 2020. A criminal case was initiated against Maksim Zinchenko. The investigation deemed reading and discussing Bible verses with friends to be participating in the activity of an extremist organization. Two days after the search and interrogation, the believer was placed under house arrest. The charges were based on video recordings of four meetings for worship of Jehovah’s Witnesses made by undercover FSB agents, as well as the testimony of a secret witness. In June 2023, the case went to court. In February 2024, the court found Zinchenko guilty and sentenced him to two years of forced labor.

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    May 17, 2023 Case initiated

    Lieutenant of Justice Nikolay Pogorelov, senior investigator of the Nakhimovsky district of Sevastopol, initiates a criminal case against Maxim Zinchenko. He is charged with participation in the activities of an extremist organization.

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    May 22, 2023 Search Temporary detention facility Interrogation

    The apartment of Maksym and Karina Zinchenko is being searched with the participation of the armed forces. The spouses are interrogated separately. Maksim is asked questions about video recordings of worship services that were made in Sevastopol by secret FSB agents in 2019 and used in the case of Zhukov and others.

    The believer is taken to the Investigative Committee of Sevastopol for interrogation. Here, Zinchenko is threatened that he will be placed under house arrest, and his wife will be sent to a pre-trial detention center.

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    May 24, 2023 House arrest

    The Nakhimovsky District Court of the city of Sevastopol sends Zinchenko under house arrest.

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    June 9, 2023 Case initiated

    The prosecutor of the Nakhimovsky district of Sevastopol, senior adviser of justice A. N. Gogolev approves the indictment. Maksym Zinchenko is accused of "taking part in meetings where he gave religious speeches", "instructing the parishioners of the Jehovah's Witnesses community to read certain verses from the Bible ... or read them personally, and then analyzed their meaning. The conclusion also notes that the believer "conducted conversations, read the religious material of Jehovah's Witnesses, in this way he expressed his faith in God and continued the activity of his faith."

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    June 16, 2023 Case went to court

    The case goes to the Nakhimovsky District Court of the city of Sevastopol. It will be considered by judge Valery Kuznetsov.

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    July 12, 2023 Hearing in a court of the first instance

    More than 50 friends of the defendant come to the courthouse. Only parents, grandparents and another listener are allowed into the hall.

    Maksym Zinchenko recuses the lawyer because he cannot pay for his services. The court agrees and appoints another defense counsel, whose services, according to the judge, will be paid for at the expense of the state.

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    September 19, 2023 Hearing in a court of the first instance

    About 70 fellow believers who came from all over Crimea come to support Zinchenko and his wife.

    The believer declares to the court that he does not agree with the charge. However, judge Valery Kuznetsov does not allow him to express his attitude. Instead, the court determines the order of the judicial investigation and begins the interrogation of the prosecution witness - Maksim's wife. She enjoys the right not to testify against herself and her loved ones.

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    October 9, 2023 Hearing in a court of the first instance

    A prosecution witness is being questioned at the court hearing. He describes the Jehovah's Witnesses whom he saw at worship meetings as "pleasant and hospitable people." When asked by the prosecutor whether Maksym Zinchenko invited the prosecution witness to the liturgical meetings via instant messengers, he clearly explains that "Zinchenko never offered him anything or invited him via the Internet."

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    October 30, 2023 Hearing in a court of the first instance Secret witness Interrogation

    The prosecutor is interrogating three prosecution witnesses: FSB investigator Dmitry Shevchenko, specialist Arkady Boyarkin and secret witness Larisa Ivanenko.

    Witnesses inform the court that until 2017 Maksym Zinchenko participated in worship services, but they cannot explain anything about his activities after the ban on legal entities.

    About 70 people come to the hearing, and for the first time the spouse of a believer is allowed into the courtroom.

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    April 16, 2024 Final statement First Instance Sentence Art. 282.2 (2) Forced labor

    Maksym Zinchenko speaks with the last word: "Love for God and for my neighbors is the main motive of all my actions. And it has nothing to do with extremism."